MQTT Development
MQTT is the standard protocol for IoT. Lightweight, efficient and designed for unreliable connections. We implement complete MQTT architectures: managed or self-hosted brokers, QoS levels, TLS security, topic design and edge-to-cloud bridging.
MQTT: efficient communication between devices and the cloud
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a pub/sub messaging protocol designed for environments with limited bandwidth, high latency or unreliable connections. An MQTT message can have as little as 2 bytes of overhead, compared to hundreds of bytes for an HTTP request. This makes it the ideal protocol for battery-powered IoT devices with limited connectivity.
MQTT's pub/sub model completely decouples data producers (devices) from consumers (applications, dashboards, alert systems). A device publishes data to a topic; any number of subscribers can receive that data without the device knowing who consumes it. This allows adding new consumers (a new dashboard, an alert system, an ML pipeline) without modifying device firmware.
At Soamee we implement MQTT as the primary protocol in our IoT projects. We use it in the Spherag platform for agricultural sensor data transmission, and in multiple industrial IoT projects for device monitoring and control.
We work with managed brokers like AWS IoT Core and self-hosted brokers like EMQX and Mosquitto. The choice depends on scale, cost, control and compliance requirements for each project.
Minimum overhead
Native security
Guarantee levels
Disconnect detection
Quality of Service adapted to each use case
MQTT offers three QoS levels that balance reliability and efficiency. Choosing the right level is key to optimising performance.
QoS 0: At most once
Fire and forget. The message is sent once without acknowledgement. Fastest and lightest. Ideal for high-frequency telemetry where losing an occasional data point is not critical (temperature every second, GPS position). Minimum network and battery overhead.
QoS 1: At least once
Guaranteed delivery with possible duplicates. The sender retransmits the message until receiving acknowledgement (PUBACK). The most used level in industrial IoT. Ideal for sensor data where loss is unacceptable but a duplicate can be managed (alerts, consumption readings).
QoS 2: Exactly once
Guaranteed delivery without duplicates. 4-step handshake ensuring each message is received exactly once. Higher network overhead and latency. Reserved for critical operations where a duplicate would cause problems (actuator commands, transactions, firmware updates).
What we implement with MQTT
TLS/mTLS Security
Encryption of all MQTT communications with TLS 1.2/1.3. Mutual authentication (mTLS) with X.509 certificates to verify both device and broker identity. Automatic certificate rotation and immediate revocation of compromised devices. Granular topic-level authorisation controlling which device can publish or subscribe to which data.
Broker Setup & Clustering
We deploy and configure MQTT brokers according to project requirements. EMQX for high scale (millions of connections) with native clustering. Mosquitto for smaller projects or edge gateways. AWS IoT Core as a managed service. Bridge configuration between brokers for edge-to-cloud architectures with data synchronisation.
Topic Design
MQTT topic hierarchy design adapted to the project domain. Patterns like {org}/{site}/{device-type}/{device-id}/{data-type} enabling wildcard subscriptions (# and +) for flexible data consumption. Shared subscriptions to distribute load across multiple consumers.
Edge-to-Cloud Bridge
Bridge architecture between local edge broker (Mosquitto on gateway) and cloud broker (AWS IoT Core, EMQX Cloud). Data is published locally with low latency, buffered during disconnections and synchronised with the cloud when connectivity is available. Store-and-forward for guaranteed zero data loss.
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